Course Requirements for Homeschooling High School

One of the most significant benefits of homeschooling is the ability to customize your student’s education, tailoring it to fit his interests and aptitudes. However, when it comes to high school, many parents feel that they need some guidance on which subjects to teach and when to teach them. Having graduated one homeschool student with two still in high school, I am a firm believer (after some trial and error) in maintaining an interest-led homeschool environment through the high school years as much as possible. After all, the benefits of a customized education don’t end in middle school. However, depending on your state’s homeschool laws and your student’s post-graduation plans, other entities (such as perspective colleges or state graduation requirements) may play a role in determining your teen’s high school course options. With that in mind, let’s take a look at the courses you may wish to have your homeschooled high school student pursue. What are the course requirements for 9th grade? Most colleges will expect that, following a typical course of study for 9th grade, students will have received one credit each in English, math, science, and social studies (or history).   English:  English for a 9th-grade student will usually include grammar, vocabulary, literature (including literary analysis), and composition. Many 9th-grade English courses will cover myths, drama, novels, short stories, and poetry. They will also include public speaking and honing composition skills, including reference and report-writing. Social studies:  It is common to cover United States history  in 9th grade. Families following a classical style of home education will likely cover ancient history as part of the four-year history cycle for high school. Other standard  options include world history, U.S. government, and geography. Math:  Algebra I is the most commonly taught mathematics course for 9th-grade students. Some student may cover pre-algebra Science:  Common courses for 9th-grade science include  physical science, general science,  or biology. Most colleges will expect a student to have 2-3 lab sciences, making biology a good choice, though students often complete it in 10th grade, rather than 9th. In keeping with customizing our teens educations, my 9th grader is taking an astronomy course this year. Other alternatives may include  marine biology, botany, animal science, Earth science, or zoology.   What are the course requirements for 10th grade? A typical course of study for 10th-grade students will include one credit each for the following: English:  A 10th grade English course will consist of the same general components as that of 9th grade (grammar, vocabulary, literature, and composition). It may also include a world, modern, or  American  literature course. If your student chooses world literature, it can be fun to tie in social studies with a world geography and/or world history  course. American literature would be an excellent tie-in to American history if your student didn’t cover it in 9th grade. Social studies:  World history is typical for 10th grade. Classical homeschooling families will likely cover the Middle Ages.  Some students prefer topical studies such as World War I and II. Math:  Algebra II or geometry are common math classes for 10th grade. The order they are taught may depend on the curriculum you’re using. Some math texts go straight into Algebra II from Algebra I. There is debate over the order the courses should be taught. Some  say  geometry should be taught  in 10th grade so that students have exposure to it for college entrance exams in 11th grade. Some say that some Algebra II concepts rely on geometry. Finally, some proponents of the Algebra I/Geometry/Algebra II sequence say it helps prepare students for pre-calculus. Science:  Biology is commonly taught in 10th grade unless it was covered in 9th grade. Alternatives include the same as those listed for 9th grade. What are the course requirements for 11th grade? An 11th-grade typical course of study includes the following core classes: English:  Grammar, vocabulary, and composition continue to be reinforced and built upon in 11th grade. Additionally, 11th-grade students may also begin learning the mechanics of a research paper. (Sometimes this is covered in 12th grade). Literature options include American and British literature. Social studies:  History for 11th grade may include modern or European history. It might also include civics, U.S. Government, or economics (micro- or macro-). For classical homeschoolers, high school juniors will typically cover the Renaissance and Reformation. Math:  Algebra II or geometry are typically covered in 11th grade  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ whichever the student didn’t study in 10th. Other alternatives may include accounting, consumer math, or business math. These alternatives are typically not for college-bound students. Students may also be taking dual-enrollment courses. Science:  High school juniors generally take chemistry or physics in 11th grade since the necessary math pre-requisites have been met. What are the course requirements for 12th grade? Finally, the typical course of study for 12th grade includes: English:  Again, the basics are the same  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ covering age-appropriate grammar, mechanics, vocabulary, literature, and composition. Students in 12th  grade will hone their  skills  writing research papers. Literature will likely be British Lit, including Shakespeare. Social studies:  Many high school seniors will have completed all the required courses for social studies. Additional courses may be taken as electives and could include psychology,  sociology, or philosophy. Classical homeschoolers will likely finish their high school years with  modern history. Math:  Senior math may include options such as pre-calculus, calculus, trigonometry, or statistics. Students may also be taking dual-enrollment courses. Science:  Many high school seniors will have completed all the required course for science. Some may choose to take courses such as physics,  advanced biology, or advanced chemistry. Others may choose to take non-traditional courses such as marine biology. Addition Courses of Study for 9th  Ã¢â‚¬â€œ 12th Grade In addition to the core classes, your high school student will need to take some miscellaneous required courses (as determined by potential colleges, your state’s homeschool requirements, or your own graduation requirements), along with some electives.Other required classes may include: HealthPhysical educationForeign language (typically two years of the same language)Government and/or civicsEconomicsPersonal financeElectives (6 or more credits are usually expected.) Electives can be almost anything, which makes them an excellent option for continuing interest-led learning. My teens have completed courses such as art, photography, computer programming, drama, speech, writing, and home economics. These course requirements are intended as a guideline only. Your chosen curriculum may follow a different course outline, your state’s requirements may vary, or your student’s post-graduation plans may dictate a different course of study.

Essay on Evaluating the Current Law on Abortion - 3636 Words

Evaluating the Current Law on Abortion An abortion is the ending of a pregnancy before the foetus is developed enough to survive outside of the womb (viability). Abortion can be accidental (miscarriage) or deliberate (termination). The legal definition of ‘Abortion’ is the intentional destruction of the foetus in the womb, or any untimely delivery brought about with intent to cause the death of the foetus (William, textbook, 252) Medical definition is the removal or expulsion of the products of conception before, but after, the foetus is ‘viable’ (Butterworths Medical dictionary 2nd edn 1978) However, most people are referring to the medical termination of pregnancy when they talk about†¦show more content†¦The Infant Life Preservation Act 1929 (ILPA 1929,here after) originally was introduced to plug the gap between abortion and the murder of a baby. The act does more, as it imposes so restrictions on the killing of unborn children, before as well as during, birth s1 (1) ‘person who, with intent to destroy the life of a child capable of being born alive, by any wilful act causes a child to die before it has existence independently of its mother shall be guilty of an offence’, of ‘child destruction’, and shall be liable on conviction there of on indictment to imprisonment for life’. It is true that many Abortions are seen to qualify as ‘child destruction’. The offence ‘Child destruction’ was created by the ILPA 1929 s1 (1) it has been preserved by the abortion act 1967 s5 (1) ‘nothing in this act shall affect the provision of the infant lifeShow MoreRelatedSex Selection Abortion By Andrea Mrozek1439 Words   |  6 PagesI have chosen to use an article called, Canada is a Complicit Partner in Sex-Selection Abortion, written by Andrea Mrozek. I found this article on the Huffington Post website. 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Pope Benedict XVI has stated that The extermination of millions of unborn children, in the name of the fight against poverty, actuallyRead MoreThe Pros And Cons Of Free Speech959 Words   |  4 Pagesspeakers such as Ben Shapiro, Milo Yiannopoulos, Ann Coulter, and Steve Bannon were supposed to come visit the campus and speak. However, many students and faculty implored Chancellor Carol Christ to revoke the conservative speakers’ invitation. Current discussions between the left and right viewpoints on free speech has been sparking up the news. There hasn’t always been this distinct gap in party opinion on free speech. The support groups of both parties are very different. With republicans tendingRead MorePolicies in Relation to Abortion4374 Words   |  18 PagesPolicies in Relation to Abortion Before and After the Roe v. Wade Supreme Court Case New Mexico State University Jennifer Walker Abstract The Roe versus Wade Supreme Court Case has had a huge impact on abortion laws in the United States. Before 1973, abortions were illegal and criminal, with few exceptions. Overnight, the decision in the case legalized first trimester abortions while leaving the specifications of the other trimesters up to the states. This case has led to many debates overRead MoreThe Affect of Health Care Reform on Womens Health2684 Words   |  11 Pagesshe is wearing in modern society. With the new health reform law, passed by President Obama in March of 2010, this new law holds the potential to expand women’s access to health insurance coverage and make reforms that may strengthen the health care systems ability to serve millions of women (Access to Coverage 2010). This research paper examines the affects the new healthcare reform bill will have on women’s health. 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I will also be able to evaluate the data where the death penalty could have been used prior to 2005, but was not, and compare that to more recent data of juvenile being sentenced to life without parole. Evaluating cases warranting the death penalty compared to actual sentences, and adjusting the data based on increasing or decreasing crimes rates and population fo r a specific time frame, will give a better understanding of an increase or decrease in rates

The Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation

Questions: 1.Identify five of the legal Requirements for Nursing Documentation.2.Code of Conduct Statement 1 States; Nurses Practice in a Safe and Competent Manner.Identify how the enrolled nurse applied the Code of Conduct Statement 1, in the Scenario?3.What type of consent did Mr Smith give and how did he consent when his BGL was taken before transfer to theatre?4.Wht are the Code of Ethics for Nurses in Australia value statement 6 states. Answers: 1.The procedure for reporting and recording relevant information of the clients by writing or printing is known as documentation in nursing practice. Nursing documentation purports to ensure that adequate documentation of the clients records is properly maintained. The documentation process must comply with the legal system (Kangasniemi, Pakkanen and Korhonen 2015). The medical records is regarded as a legal document and in a legal proceeding, the medical record is adduced as evidence to what happened to a client. The five legal requirements for nursing documentation are as follows: it acts as evidence for all the treatments undertaken by the clients and the other things that has been done for the client; it acts as an evidence that the professional practice standards have been complied with; it signifies the need for further research; it states the client needs and facilitate proper care; it enables the health care students to learn about the disease, nursing diagnoses and interventions. 2.The Code of Conduct Statement 1 lays down that nurses practice in a safe and competent manner. It is the responsibility of a nurse to ensure that when they are delegated to exercise proper care they must exercise the same without compromising with the safety of the clients and the quality of care they are obligated to exercise on them (Chadwick and Gallagher 2016). In the scenario, EN Rose Baxter, did comply with the Code of Conduct as she informed RN Jones about the fact the fact that both the clients Mr. Smith and Mr. Smythe have similar names and their birth dates are identical. EN Baxter also mentioned the same on the medical records of the patients to notify all the staffs. 3.The Australian Nursing and Midwifery Federation (Victorian Branch) holds a policy that clients are required to give their consent to every medical treatment they undertake and have a right to refuse to any medical treatment except in emergencies. Consent of a patient may be given either verbally or in writing or by implied conduct. An implied consent is given when the action of the client clearly signifies his wishes for example- holding their arm out for recording the blood pressure (LeMone et al. 2015). In the given scenario, Mr. Smith held out his arms for the finger prick test and recording of his BGL. This conduct or action of Mr. Smith amounts to an implied consent given by him when his BGL was taken before transfer to theatre. 4.According to the Code of Ethics for Nurses Statement 4, nurses must respect the dignity, culture, beliefs and values of the clients. The nurses while exercising care must respect the beliefs, culture and personal wishes of the patients and their family members (Ion et al. 2016). In the given scenario, Mr. Smythe requested not to use narcotic analgesia instead, he would prefer meditation for relieving his pain. EN Baxter admitted him to a healthcare facility where the strong sedation is given to the patients and the recovery staffs uses narcotic analgesia on the patients. Therefore, EN Baxter did not exercise care and did not show any respect for the personal wish of the client. References Chadwick, R. and Gallagher, A., 2016.Ethics and nursing practice. Palgrave Macmillan. Ion, R., Smith, K., Moir, J. and Nimmo, S., 2016. Accounting for actions and omissions: a discourse analysis of student nurse accounts of responding to instances of poor care.Journal of advanced nursing. Kangasniemi, M., Pakkanen, P. and Korhonen, A., 2015. Professional ethics in nursing: an integrative review.Journal of advanced nursing,71(8), pp.1744-1757. LeMone, P., Burke, K., Dwyer, T., Levett-Jones, T., Moxham, L. and Reid-Searl, K., 2015.Medical-surgical nursing. Pearson Higher Education AU.

The Good Earth Wang Lung A Man of Determination and Loyalty Essay Example For Students

The Good Earth: Wang Lung A Man of Determination and Loyalty Essay The Good Earth: Wang Lung A Man of Determination and Loyalty Essay Pearl S. Buck shows her readers the many faces of Wang Lung in her book, The Good Earth. Wang Lung is a rice farmer who gains all his wealth through the land. He struggles to move from poverty to a well respected wealthy man. Wang Lungs character portrays a mans unselfishness, determination, and loyalty towards his family and friends. Wang Lungs caring and generous nature towards his family and friends make him a well-liked person. During the drought Wang Lung feeds the family members first and leaves what little is left for himself. Though it is hard, Wang Lung manages to survive the drought. He feeds the family small portions of rice which are left over from the season. When the food runs out and the furniture and equipment are sold, Wang Lung decides to make a harsh decision. He decides to lock up and move south. We will write a custom essay on The Good Earth: Wang Lung A Man of Determination and Loyalty specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now There he hopes to find food and money for his family. After a 100 mile train ride, they end up in the south. Wang Lung is delighted to find rice for only a penny. While Wang Lung uses the ricksha to make money for rice, the family eats and begins to regain strength. When all is well, Wang Lung returns home to start his life all over. Also during the drought Wang Lung spares food and money for his uncle, uncless wife and their son. The uncle is a poor old gambler who would rather gamble his money away than to spend it on his family. During the drought he shows up in Wang Lungs fields begging for money. At first Wang Lung refuses to dish out money to his uncle. After a time of arguementing Wang Lung finally gives in. He states It is cutting my flesh out to give to him and for nothing except that we are of a blood .(46) Wang Lung is upset that he had to give money to his uncle. Wang Lung didnt have to give to his uncle, but by doing so he kept peace with his him. Wang Lungs persistence to succeed carries him to a higher level in life. With such an attitude he is determined to regain his wealth after the drought. On the way home from down south, Wang Lung used the gold he had taken from the man in the Great House to buy things for the land. He bought seeds to plant and a new beast to plow the fields. Wang Lung figures this will give him what he needs to work again in the fields. Wang Lung did all he could to make his land be a success. By doing so he made money, and money meant more land. Wang Lung puts all extra money either back into the land or spends it to benefit his children. If Wang Lung is going to buy new land he wants one of his kids to be literate. He decides to send two of his boys to school so he will have someone to go with him to the merchants to sell his goods. Wang lung wants to have a scholar in the family. In addition to sending them to school he makes sure they are dressed nice and well mannered. The children later grow up to be smart, kniving men. Though it may not work, Wang Lung tries his best to get the most out of his children. No matter what situation Wang Lung is in, he makes sure he stays faithful to his family members. When O-Lan, his wife, wants to sell the young fools life for food and money, Wang Lung stops her and will hear nothing of it. While O-lan thinks this, Wang Lung says to her he would rather live down here than have to sell one of his kids. .u2d237608579384f7d6da702291cf18f0 , .u2d237608579384f7d6da702291cf18f0 .postImageUrl , .u2d237608579384f7d6da702291cf18f0 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2d237608579384f7d6da702291cf18f0 , .u2d237608579384f7d6da702291cf18f0:hover , .u2d237608579384f7d6da702291cf18f0:visited , .u2d237608579384f7d6da702291cf18f0:active { border:0!important; } .u2d237608579384f7d6da702291cf18f0 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2d237608579384f7d6da702291cf18f0 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2d237608579384f7d6da702291cf18f0:active , .u2d237608579384f7d6da702291cf18f0:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2d237608579384f7d6da702291cf18f0 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2d237608579384f7d6da702291cf18f0 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2d237608579384f7d6da702291cf18f0 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2d237608579384f7d6da702291cf18f0 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2d237608579384f7d6da702291cf18f0:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2d237608579384f7d6da702291cf18f0 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2d237608579384f7d6da702291cf18f0 .u2d237608579384f7d6da702291cf18f0-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2d237608579384f7d6da702291cf18f0:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Civil Rights Movement Essay He feels this will not solve the problem and they will regret it in the long run. Wang Lung was sure his wife didnt sell the fool, therefore keeping him loyal to his family. During the grandfathers life, Wang Lung makes sure he is fed and looked upon by someone. Pearl S. Buck states that the old man is .. .half blind and almost wholly deaf, and there was no need of speech with him except to ask to be fed or to be brought a cup of warm tea.(120). For this reason, .

Russian Art Architecture.

Russian Art Architecture. Russian Art ArchitectureFrom icons and onion domes to suprematism and the Stalin baroque, Russian art and architecture seems to many visitors to Russia to be a rather baffling array of exotic forms and alien sensibilities. Without any sense of the rich tradition of Russian culture, an appreciation of the country's enormous artistic wealth becomes a game of historical anecdote"the church where so-and-so took refuge from what's-his-name"or a meaningless collection of aesthetic baubles"I like the blue domes the best." In fact, Russian art and architecture are not nearly so difficult to understand as many people think, and knowing even a little bit about why they look the way they do and what they mean brings to life the culture and personality of the entire country.IconsThe tradition of icon painting was inherited by the Russians from Byzantium, where it began as an offshoot of the mosaic and fresco tradition of early Byzantine churches.SPAR Krasnoyarsk, Russia - Nov 2012During the 8th and 9th centuries, the iconoclasm controversy in the Orthodox church called into question whether religious images were a legitimate practice or sacrilegious idolatry. Although the use of images wasn't banned, it did prompt a thorough appreciation of the difference between art intended to depict reality and art designed for spiritual contemplation. That difference is one of the reasons that the artistic style of icons can seem so invariant. Certain kinds of balance and harmony became established as reflections of divinity, and as such they invited careful reproduction and subtle refinement rather than striking novelty. Although this philosophy resulted in a comparatively slow evolution of style, icon painting evolved considerably over the centuries. During the 14th century in particular, icon painting in Russia took on a much greater degree of subjectivity and personal expression. The most notable figure in this change was Andrey...

Homeschooling in New York State

Homeschooling in New York State In New York, you will find homeschoolers from all backgrounds and philosophies. Homeschooling may not be as popular as in some other parts of the country perhaps because of the large number of select private schools and well-funded public school systems. Homeschoolers themselves run the gamut from the deeply religious to those who choose to teach their own children in order to take advantage of all the learning resources the state has to offer. According to the New York State Education Department (NYSED), the 2012-2013 numbers for homeschooled children in the state between the ages of 6 and 16 outside New York City (which keeps its own records) totaled more than 18,000. An article in New York Magazine put the number of New York City homeschoolers for roughly the same period at nearly 3,000. New York State Homeschooling Regulations In most of New York, parents of students who are subject to compulsory attendance regulations, between the ages of 6 and 16 must file homeschooling paperwork with their local school districts. (In New York City, Brockport and Buffalo its 6 to 17.) The requirements can be found in the state Education Department Regulation 100.10. The regs specify what paperwork you must provide to your local school district, and what the school district can and cant do in terms of overseeing homeschoolers. They can be a useful tool when disputes between the district and the parent arise. Quoting the regulations to the district is the quickest way to resolve most problems. Only loose guidelines are given as to what material should be covered math, language arts, social studies including U.S. and New York State history and government, science, and so on. Within those topics, parents have a lot of leeway to cover what they wish. Getting Started in New York Its not hard to get started homeschooling in New York State. If your children are in school, you can pull them out at any time. You have 14 days from the time you start homeschooling to begin the paperwork process (see below). And you do not have to get permission from the school to start homeschooling. In fact, once you begin to homeschool, you will be dealing with the district and not the individual school. The districts job is to confirm that you are providing educational experiences for your children, within the general guidelines set out in the regulations. They do not judge the content of your teaching material or your teaching techniques. This gives parents a lot of freedom in deciding how best to educate their children. Filing Homeschool Paperwork in New York (Note: For a definition of any terms used, see the Homeschooling Glossary.) Heres the timetable for the back-and-forth exchange of paperwork between homeschoolers and their school district, according to New York State regulations. The school year runs from July 1 to June 30, and every year the process starts over. For homeschoolers who start midyear, the school year still ends on June 30. 1. Letter of Intent: At the start of the school year (July 1), or within 14 days of starting to homeschool, parents submit a Letter of Intent to their local school district superintendent. The letter can simply read: This is to inform you that I will be homeschooling my child [Name] for the coming school year. 2. Response from the District: Once the district receives your Letter of Intent, they have 10 business days to respond with a copy of the homeschooling regulations and a form on which to submit an Individualized Home Instruction Plan (IHIP). Parents are allowed, however, to create their own forms, and most do. 3. Individualized Home Instruction Plan (IHIP): Parents then have four weeks (or by August 15 of that school year, whichever is later) from the time they receive the materials from the district to submit an IHIP. The IHIP can be as simple as a one-page list of resources that may be used throughout the year. Any changes that come up as the year progresses can be noted on the quarterly reports. Many parents include a disclaimer like the one I used with my children: Texts and workbooks listed in all subject areas will be supplemented by books and materials from home, the library, the Internet and other sources, together with field trips, classes, programs, and community events as they arise. More details will appear in the quarterly reports. Note that the district does not judge your teaching materials or plan. They simply acknowledge that you have a plan in place, which in most districts can be as loose as you like. 4. Quarterly Reports: Parents set their own school year, and specify on the IHIP what dates they will submit quarterly reports. The quarterlies can simply be a one-page summary listing what was covered in each subject. You are not required to give students a grade. A line stating that the student was learning the minimum number of hours required for that quarter takes care of attendance. (For grades 1 through 6, its 900 hours per year and 990 hours per year after that.) 5. Year-End Evaluation: Narrative evaluations one-line statements that the student has made adequate academic progress according to the requirements of Regulation 100.10 are all that is needed until fifth grade, and can continue every other year through eighth grade. The list of acceptable standardized tests (including the supplemental list) includes many like the PASS test which can be given by the parents at home. Parents are not required to submit the test score itself, just a report that the score was in the 33rd percentile or above, or showed a years growth over the previous years test. Students can also take tests at the school. Since parents are not required to submit paperwork once the child reaches age 16 or 17, its possible for those wishing to minimize standardized tests to only have to administer them in fifth, seventh and ninth grade. The most common disputes with districts occur with those few who refuse to allow the parent to write their own narrative assessment statement or administer the standardized test. They can usually be resolved by finding a homeschooling parent with a valid teaching license to provide one or the other. High School and College Students who homeschool through the end of high school do not receive a diploma, but they have other options to show they completed the equivalent of a high school education. This is particularly important for students who want to go on to earn college degrees In New York State since showing some form of high school completion is required to receive a college degree (although not for college admission). This includes both public and private colleges. One common course is to request a letter from the local district superintendent stating the student received the substantial equivalent of a high school education. While districts are not required to supply the letter, most do. Districts usually ask that you continue submitting paperwork through 12th grade to use this option. Some homeschoolers in New York earn a high school equivalency diploma by taking a two-day standardized test (formerly the GED, now the TASC). That diploma is considered the same as a high school diploma for most types of employment as well. Others complete a 24-credit program at a local  community college, while still in high school, or afterward, that grants them the equivalent of a high school diploma. But no matter how they show high school completion, both public and private colleges in New York are welcoming to homeschool students, who are generally well-prepared as they go on into adult life. Helpful Links New York State Education Department Codes, Rules, and Regulations include information on homeschooling, compulsory attendance, student employment, and other issues.NYHEN (New York State Home Education Network) is a free online support group open to all homeschoolers. It includes a website with easily-accessible information on state regulations and several email lists where parents can ask questions and get advice from experienced homeschoolers (including, occasionally, me!).LEAH (Loving Education at Home) is a statewide Christian-only membership organization with local chapters throughout the state. It presents two homeschool conferences every year. Participants are usually asked to sign a Statement of Faith before participating in LEAH activities.PAHSI (Partnership for Accurate Homeschooling Information) is a New York City-based group offering information on homeschooling in the city and state.

Decision Making Method Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Decision Making Method - Essay Example An advantage of the benefit-cost framework is that it leads to a positive or negative (or zero) number for each program or practice evaluated and, therefore, does not require knowledge of a cost-effectiveness cutoff level to decide whether a particular practice should be undertaken. Finally, a limitation of both approaches is that the benefits and costs to individual members of society need to be aggregated. If the equitable distribution benefits and costs across individuals or groups are of concern, a single cost-effectiveness measure will not do. However, as economists are wont to argue, over large numbers of programs and practices the inequities are likely to even themselves out and, with some exceptions, may reasonably be ignored. The main steps in this model include (1) identification of main problems and possible solutions to these problems, (2) analysis of financial costs and financial benefits of proposed programs, (3) selection of the best decision. The first step is a search for alternative solution. The first solution is to buy computers for the training classroom. The second solution is to use company's computers located in different department. The third alternative is to rent a training classroom (in college or university) for the training program. When generating alternative methods for solving the problem, decision makers must determine whether the decision problem should be solved by a single individual or by a group of individuals. Groups usually take more time to make decisions than do individuals; however, group decision methods allow for the pooling of information from many difference sources, which can be particularly beneficial when dealing with ill-structured problems requiring the synthesis of novel solutions. In this case, the decision to find the best solution will involve employees and management. In many situations, members of a group tend to develop an illusion of invulnerability that may encourage excessive optimism and risk taking. Another result of groupthink is that members of a group who express opposing views may be pressured by other group members and ostracized if they resist (Stacey, 1996). The second step is analysis of financial costs and financial benefits of both programs. If we assume that one computer costs $1,250 and the training room needs 10 computers, the company should invest $12,500 in new equipment. Also, installation and cabling will cost $2,500, and support software - $6,500, and 1 server - $2,000. The second solution is to use company's computers located in different department will help to save money spent on new equipment but will cost company the value of time lost from work. It is important to note that to value life years and quality of life in dollars, the traditional approach is to use the annual earnings of a worker as a measure of the value of a productive year of life. The rationale is that society, including the individual in question, would lose potential consumption of goods and services in proportion to lost productivity. Once benefits and costs have been somehow expressed in dollar terms, net benefits are derived as the difference between the two. If the company follows the second approach it will save some money during the first training period. If we assume that the training on software tools takes 10 weeks (2 hours per day (5 working